General information:
Sodium acetate completely ionizes in solution to produce sodium ions and acetate ions according to the following formula:
Accordingly, the number of moles of acetate ions in solution is equal to that of sodium acetate. Acetic acid and sodium acetate (acid - conjugare base) in solution compose a buffer system. The pH can be calculated using the buffer equation or using the pH equation for a mixture of an acid with its conjugate base. Molar concentrations must be calculated before using any of these equations.
Molar mass (molecular weight) of acetic acid = 60.05 g/ mole
Molar mass (molecular weight) of sodium acetate = 82.03 g/ mole
Acetic acid has Ka = 1.75 × 10-5 and pKa = 4.76
Calculations:
Volume of solution in liters = 100 ml × (0.001 liter/ ml) = 0.1 liter
Number of moles of acetic acid in solution = 0.05 g ÷ (60.05 g/ mole) = 0.0008 mole
Molar concentration of acetic acid in solution = 0.0008 mole ÷ (0.1 liter) = 0.008 M
Number of moles of sodium acetate in solution = 0.06 g ÷ (82.03 g/ mole) = 0.0007 mole
Molar concentration of sodium acetate in solution = 0.0007 mole ÷ (0.1 liter) = 0.007 M
Using the buffer equation:
pH = pKa + log ([acetate]/[acetic acid])
pH = 4.76 + log (0.007/0.008) = 4.76 - 0.06 =4.70
The same answer is obtained using the pH equation for a mixture of an acid with its conjugate base or simply using online pH calculator.
Related posts:
Examples on buffer calculations.
What is buffer capacity.
Factors affecting pH of buffer solutions.
Sodium acetate completely ionizes in solution to produce sodium ions and acetate ions according to the following formula:
NaAcetate(in aqueous solution) → Na+(aq)
+ Acetate-(aq)
Molar mass (molecular weight) of acetic acid = 60.05 g/ mole
Molar mass (molecular weight) of sodium acetate = 82.03 g/ mole
Acetic acid has Ka = 1.75 × 10-5 and pKa = 4.76
Calculations:
Volume of solution in liters = 100 ml × (0.001 liter/ ml) = 0.1 liter
Number of moles of acetic acid in solution = 0.05 g ÷ (60.05 g/ mole) = 0.0008 mole
Molar concentration of acetic acid in solution = 0.0008 mole ÷ (0.1 liter) = 0.008 M
Number of moles of sodium acetate in solution = 0.06 g ÷ (82.03 g/ mole) = 0.0007 mole
Molar concentration of sodium acetate in solution = 0.0007 mole ÷ (0.1 liter) = 0.007 M
Using the buffer equation:
pH = pKa + log ([acetate]/[acetic acid])
pH = 4.76 + log (0.007/0.008) = 4.76 - 0.06 =4.70
The same answer is obtained using the pH equation for a mixture of an acid with its conjugate base or simply using online pH calculator.
Related posts:
Examples on buffer calculations.
What is buffer capacity.
Factors affecting pH of buffer solutions.
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